Power Analyses by Test

Correlation and Regression:

Correlation: Bivariate normal model
Correlation: Point biserial model
Correlation: Tetrachoric model

Correlations: Two dependent Pearson r's (common index)
Correlations: Two dependent Pearson r's  (no common index)
Correlations: Two independent Pearson r's

Linear bivariate regression: One group, size of slope
Linear bivariate regression: Two groups, difference between intercepts
Linear bivariate regression: Two groups, difference between slopes

Linear multiple regression: Fixed model, R² deviation from zero   
Linear multiple regression: Fixed model, R² increase  
Linear multiple regression: Fixed model, single regression coefficient 
Linear multiple regression: Random model 

Logistic regression 
Poisson regression

Means:

One group:

Difference from constant

Two groups:

Two dependent groups, matched pairs
Two independent groups

Many groups:

ANOVA: One-way (one independent variable)
ANOVA: Main effects and interactions (two or more independent variables)

Repeated measures:

Between factors, ANOVA-approach
Between factors, MANOVA-approach
Within factors, ANOVA-approach
Within factors, MANOVA-approach
Within-between interactions, ANOVA-approach
Within-between interactions, MANOVA-approach

Multivariate:

Hotelling T², one group
Hotelling T², two groups
MANOVA: Global effects
MANOVA: Special effects and interactions

Proportions:

One group:

Difference from constant
Sign test (binomial test)

Two groups:

Two dependent groups (McNemar)
Two independent groups: Inequality: Fisher's exac test
Two independent groups: Inequality: Unconditional exact
Two independent groups: Inequality: z test
Two independent groups: Inequality (offset)

Multigroup:

Goodness-of-fit test

Variance:

One group
Two groups

Other

Generic binomial test
Generic F test
Generic t test
Generic χ² test
Generic z test